Classroom management plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Classroom management plan - Essay Example With the help of an effective class room management, teachers can plan the activities in a class room and achieve the objectives of teaching and learning. An analysis of researches undertaken in various parts of the world reveals â€Å"that effective classroom management increases student engagement, decreases disruptive behaviors, and makes good use of instructional time† (Kaliska, 2002). A recent survey study also reveals the same result that classroom management as the most important factor influencing student learning (Jones & Jones, 2004). Class room management has many interpretations by eminent authors and researchers. However, the definition put forward by Colville-Hall seems to be a comprehensive one. He defines class room management as â€Å"a broad set of teaching behaviors through which the teacher shapes and maintains learning conditions that facilitate effective and efficient instruction resulting in a learning community. Effective classroom management is an ong oing, maintenance-oriented process. It involves motivating students to learn, providing appropriate instruction and feedback, and managing student work. Efforts of the effective classroom teacher are proactive, responsive, and supportive† (Colville-Hall, 2000). The purpose of this report/plan is to explore and determine the most effective classroom management plan that best fits the need of the hour. The plan covers the comprehensive activities and procedures that one must schedule and implement to achieve the teaching and learning objectives as desired. The plan is prepared in line with my class room experience and interaction with my class mates. Classroom management means and includes all the efforts by teachers along with the students in a class to achieve their teaching and learning objectives. â€Å"It includes the preparation of plans and materials, structuring of activities into time blocks, direct teaching of skills and subject matter,

Hybrid Cars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hybrid Cars - Essay Example These hybrid cars can prove to be useful in many different ways which include the environmental factors along with the factors of scarce resources. Hybrid cars have features which help reduce pollution from the environment and are also economically feasible as compared to the conventional cars. With the increase in the prices of fuel as well as the reduction in the amount of natural resources, the popularity of these hybrid cars is increasing every day. As compared to traditional cars there are two main advantages of hybrid cars. One is that it emits less carbon dioxide which makes it an environmental friendly car. The second advantage is that it has higher fuel efficiency that can help people save sufficient amount of money and thus it can be counted as an economic advantage of these cars. In present times when world’s economy is in crucial state, every dollar matters and this has become the most important benefit of these vehicles (Hantula 2009). Some of the other benefits o f these cars are their smart styling, their well equipped interiors and their up to date safety features. In the long run hybrid cars are more of a practical choice to opt for because of low fuel cost and low emissions. Hybrid cars are more competent because of their light weight due to the usage of light weight materials in its structure. Hybrid cars capture, accumulate and recycle the kinetic energy that is produced from the car’s brakes (Congress House 2010). Hybrid cars have the ability to save energy in a very efficient way. They can switch their power on and off according to the usage of the car. If the car is standing in an area full of traffic, the car automatically turns off its power and saves energy. When the accelerator is pressed the engine automatically starts again and thus this saves energy. These cars can be said to be energy efficient considering these factors. These cars also have batteries which have a long life. The tires which are used in these cars have low resistance which reduces energy loss. All this helps this car to accelerate and drive up on higher plains easily. In this way these cars can achieve greater speed which decreases the fuel consumption and also less energy is wasted. There are also certain disadvantages attached to hybrid cars. The major drawback of hybrid vehicles is that they are still quite expensive. This is because of the fact that its production costs are very high due to using uncommon equipment for example dysprosium which is used in the manufacturing of highly developed electric motors and many more. The maintenance of hybrid cars can be very expensive as well. As for now these cars are not that common so it is difficult to find garages which have necessary materials to service them. Hence taking them to the producer can be very expensive. Even though these cars are gradually gaining popularity but there are still factors that make traditional cars more feasible as compared to them. Hence, because of the se reasons hybrid cars cannot fully compete with gasoline powered cars. When the cost of production of these vehicles would be lowered as compared to other cars the production would also rise. Once the supply rises the price would go down and the demand would rise. The exact time of this happening cannot be told but when this happens new mode of researches to

Anaesthetic Practice Appendectomy At Second Trimester Of Pregnancy Nursing Essay

Anaesthetic Practice Appendectomy At Second Trimester Of Pregnancy Nursing Essay This is a reflective essay based on my personal experience as a student anaesthetic practitioner which happened during in one of my clinical placements in an acute hospital. This is a case of a 42 year old at her 24 weeks gestational pregnancy who underwent an emergency appendicectomy under a general anaesthesia with difficult intubation. I will refer to patient as Mrs. G in order to keep her confidentiality (NMC Code of Conduct 2008). The Gibbs reflective cycle will be the framework of my reflection (Jasper 2003) which is shown in Appendix A. Mrs. G. had been admitted due to nausea, vomiting, fever, right abdominal pain, and mild elevation of her white blood cell count which are the presenting symptoms of appendicitis. She underwent ultrasonography of abdomen and confirmed an acute appendicitis, thus, an urgent booking for an open appendicectomy was done. The patient proceeded to the operating theatre with little delay to minimise the sequence to perforation. Such occurrences are uncommon, however, seeing that most cases of appendiceal perforation occur earlier to surgical assessment as described by MacMahon (1991). The theatre team gathered to do a preoperative briefing. The Operating Department Practitioner (ODP), anaesthetist, surgeon, obstetrician, neonatologist, midwife, circulating, scrub nurse and myself were present (WHO 2008). After doing all the routine checks of anaesthetic equipments and drugs as advised by the AAGBI 2004, I went to check the patient (AfPP 2007), the informed consent (DOH 2009) then accompanie d her into the anaesthetic room. Markedly, Mrs. G looked dehydrated, due to fever and reduced oral intake, hence, intravenous fluids was initiated, and pulse, blood pressure, ECG, oxygen saturation and urine output was monitored closely. A Foley catheter was inserted in theatres to ensure adequate urine output. Electrolyte deficiency should be corrected before the induction of general anesthesia (Shields Werder 2002). As a health care professional and a student, I felt pity on Mrs. G because of the severe pain she was having, but what I could only give is to support her. Mrs. G and her husband were in the holding bay and while waiting there to be brought inside the anaesthetic room, apparently, they looked very upset. I stayed with them. I remembered that I should always be present especially when the surgeon, anaesthetist and the whole medical staff discuss the diagnosis and prognosis with them. This action will ensure that someone who will have also heard the discussion dialogue will support the patient, family or carer. We should be aware of the need for privacy when giving information and must endeavour, where the physical environment allows using a closed door environment to ensure absolute confidentiality. We also provide appropriate support to relatives by accompanying them and the patient into the anaesthetic room and to keep them regularly updated and should be given the opportunity to sp eak to the medical staff especially for relatives of critically ill patient and unconscious patients. We must listen to the patients and carers. Their input should be actively sought and not rebuffed. According to Wicker ONeil 2006, we are expected to communicate and give information in a caring, sensitive, friendly and considerate manner and should endeavour to create an atmosphere of confidence and trust when communicating with patients and their families. Careful attention to the evaluation of the airway, antacid pre-treatment and all required preparation for a potentially difficult airway was done for Mrs. G in the preoperative period. It is recommended that from 16 weeks gestation patients undergoing general anaesthesia should be given prophylaxis against aspiration pneumonitis. This usually includes a non-particulate antacid such as sodium citrate 30ml and an H2 receptor antagonist e.g. Ranitidine 50mg intravenously (Yentis et al 2007). Whilst positioning Mrs. G on the operating table, a left lateral inclination of between 15 30 degrees was made. Otherwise, a wedge under the right buttock may be used to minimise aortocaval compression as stated by Aitkenhead Smith (1990). Pre oxygenation was given as it is crucial and should be with a firm fitting mask for at least 3 minutes. As said by Pinnock et al (2003), General anaesthesia involves administration of drugs with possible effects on the foetus. Drugs with good safety records du ring pregnancy were used like Thiopentone, an induction agent, Suxamethonium which is a fast-acting muscle relaxant, Phenylephrine, a vasopressor to increase blood pressure and Metaraminol which is a sympathomimetic used to prevent and treat hypotension (Ponte Green 1994). Drugs that might increase uterine tone like Ketamine and beta-blockers should be avoided (BNF 2010). Obstetricians would request perioperatively, prophylactic tocolytic drugs such as Magnesium Sulfate, Terbutaline and Nifedipine, in order to prevent premature labour. Beta-adrenergic agonists such as Terbutaline are commonly used although their efficacy is vague and may affect maternal tachycardia and pulmonary oedema as stated by Campbell Spence (1997). Recent evidence suggests that calcium-channel blockers like Nifedipine may be effective with a better safety report in line with Simpson Popat 2002. In general, the fewer drugs used overall the better. Drugs such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAID s given near to labour may cross the placenta thereby averting the ductus arteriosus to close in relation to Moules Ramsay (2008). I explained to Mrs. G that a rapid sequence induction will be done for her safety and this is by applying a gradually increasing pressure on her neck specifically on the cricoids area. This is also known as Sellick manoeuvre. Intubation might be difficult and so adjuncts for a difficult intubation have been prepared. The operating department practitioner stood behind me whilst coaching me. Suction apparatus was available close at hand, laryngoscope and endotracheal tube was prepared, lubricated and a syringe was attached to the cuff. I did a careful cricoid pressure whilst handling the bougie with the endotracheal tube, but she could hardly see the airway hence, the anaesthetist asked for a guedel oral airway and ventilated her. Later she asked for an Airtraq, which is a disposable laryngoscope with a built-in camera for easy view of the airway. Again, it was difficult. Finally, a fibreoptic scope was used until a successful intubation was achieved. Once the airway was secured, ventilation intended to keep the PCO2 in the standard range for her pregnancy. The MAC or minimum alveolar concentration of volatile anaesthetic was reduced. The foetal heart rate was monitored preoperatively and postoperatively but intraoperatively, it has been difficult as the surgery was abdominal. Along with Allman Wilson (2006), the main concerns of the anaesthetist caring for Mrs. G are the physical response relating to the cardiovascular, respiratory, central nervous and gastrointestinal systems. Stoelting Miller 1994 pointed out that physiological and anatomical changes arise in the respiratory system all throughout pregnancy is due to hormonal and mechanical factors. In accordance with Drain (2003), dyspnoea is always common in pregnancy and oedema of the mucosal airway makes the view at laryngoscopy poor. According to Avidan et al (2003), cardiac output is increased roughly by 40%, and as early as 12-13 weeks, the gravid uterus constrict the lower vena cava when the woman rests flat on her back. Obstruction of the aorta may occur and result in diminished placental blood flow. This is very important when positioning a pregnant patient on the operating table as it can lead to profound hypotension. In severe hypotension and foetal bradycardia patient is turned to the left lateral position Yentis et al (2007). Increased in gastric regurgitation and aspiration might happen during induction of general anaesthesia as stated by Davey Ince 2000 therefore, a rapid sequence induction is obligatory when inducing general anaesthesia. Primarily, blood and oxygen flow must be given to both mother and foetus in order for surgery to be safe Gwinnut (2004). Accurate monitoring, recording and interpretation of any baseline measurement and any subsequent physiological measurement that fall outside of normal limits should be observed. Any fall in blood pressure, oxygen saturation, pulse, respiration, and foetal heart rate should cause alarm for the team. Doctors and anaesthetists must be cautious when operating on pregnant women because of the possibility of a preterm labour which should be observed postoperatively. The surgery has finished and went well. Mrs G was extubated awake and on her side to cut the risk of aspiration of gastric contents. She was transferred immediately to the Recovery and her hus band was informed. I think having both myself and Mrs. G and her family a greater understanding of their condition, treatment, care and the risks of treatment will help alleviate their fears and anxieties. The patient will be satisfied as she understands what is being done to her, therefore, there will be improvement in the overall outcome, speed of recovery, health, and patient experience. The whole team has done their part well and everything for the safety of both the mother and foetus. Pregnant women assumed of having appendicitis are often misdiagnosed and undergo unnecessary appendicectomies which result in early delivery or loss of the foetus. After careful reflection, I strongly believe that there is a need to require more precise diagnosis to avoid needless operations and unfavorable fetal loss. One straightforward solution that I can say is the use of advanced imaging tools, such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in order to increase diagnostic accuracy. Mrs. G was lucky not because of having a genuine inflamed appendix which has not ruptured so far but the diagnosis was accurately and immediately made through an ultrasound. Preterm labour was also prevented because of the necessary precautions that the whole team has contributed. Number of words: 1, 592

Analysis Of Islam :: essays research papers

Religiological Analysis of the Islam Through the Koran and Hadith Islam may be considered as an exotic religion to many in the western part of the globe. The impression that Westerners have is usually obtained through the media representing Islamic countries or groups in the middle of a Holy War. The wars, called Jihad, are usually waged by Islamic Fundamentalist who use terrorism to get their messages across giving Islam a negative reputation. Because of the lack of understanding of this highly publicized religion, many conflicts arise between the people who live in eastern and western worlds. In turn, this causes problems amongst different cultures through various political and religious battles that result from these misconceptions. In order to prevent future strife, it is important for people all over the world to have a better understanding of other religions. To interpret Islam from a objective point of view it is easier to use Religiological Analysis, a system that that break s the religion down into specific terms: Epistemology, Ontology, Anthropology, Psychology, Teleology, and Methodology. The Epistemology of Islam is contained in the sacred book called the Koran that was revealed in Arabic to the Prophet Muhammad in exact words of God through the Angel Gabriel. The Koran means Recollect, Clarify, Recital, Reading, and Criterion. It contains truths about everything and functions as a recollection of all previously revealed books. When Muhammad was forty years old, he had his first revelation and continued to do so for the next twenty-two years, remembering each revelation and then having them written down by scholars. The whole book consists of chapters that were believed to be put in order by Muhammad himself and are word for word from God. This book is the most widely read and memorized book in the world and because of the number of people memorizing the book it helped it remain unchanged for the past fourteenth centuries. Containing truths about th e world and our existence till the end (Judgement Day), it is also a guide for us on a way to live and worship God. Besides the Koran, Sunnah, known as the customs or practices of the Prophet Muhammad are also considered sources of knowledge by Muslims who hold him as an exemplary human and try to emulate his actions and lifestyle. His actions, and sayings were recorded and reported in what is know as the Hadith, a collection of his doings in his whole life.

Manipulation in Documentaries Essay

Every night when we sit down to watch our much loved Grey’s Anatomy or Desperate Housewives, we know for a fact they are fictional dramas which allow us to escape the reality and boredom of our lives. We also realise the scripted shows use many tactics to manipulate our thinking. The producer does this to position us towards a specific view of life. But what do we expect from a documentary? We know documentaries to be faithful recounts of events; however, these events may be subject to just as much manipulation as the intriguing plots in our addictive shows. Many documentary makers include their individual cultural assumptions and discourses to distort the truth and position the target audience to react in a desired manner. This can be seen in the documentary, ‘Supersize Me’ by Morgan Spurlock and ‘Great White – Deep Trouble’ showcasing Peter Benchley, David Doubilet and Rodney Fox. Both producers desire to position the audience towards their discourse through their documentary. They accomplish this by presenting snippets of films, opinions and facts that agree with their discourse and disposing of the rest. ‘Super Size Me’, written, produced, directed by and starring Morgan Spurlock, is a producer dominated documentary. It shows Spurlock endeavouring on a thirty day McDonald’s binge to prove that regular consumption of the food is a fast way to heart disease, high cholesterol and obesity. Spurlock aims to prove his nutritional discourse by taking tests before and after the experiment to show the affects. Before the experiment began, Spurlock’s body showed healthy results both physically and emotionally, however, after the experiment, his body was physically rundown sporting clogged arteries, high cholesterol, weight gain and emotionally he showed early stages of depression. Spurlock’s aim in the documentary is to inform his audience that regular fast food consumption is extremely harmful to your body. It uses both fully narrated and self reflexive types of documentary to present the message. This means voice overs are used to interpret graphs, pictures and facts presented in the documentary to prove that fast food has a significant impact on the nation’s health. He also includes many techniques including camera angles, music and sound, lighting and many elements typical of documentaries. Spurlock uses Mise-en-scene to prove that obesity is a result of extreme fast food intake by purposely filming obese people walking through a shot at McDonalds. Spurlock also uses the technique of interviewing doctors and scientists to grab our attention and make it difficult for us, the audience, to make our own decision. He does this as the majority of us believe scientists and doctors have the most knowledge on this argument and therefore we will agree with his discourse. Similarly the documentary, ‘Great White – Deep Trouble’, produced by John Bredar, attempts to influence the audience to feel sympathy and love for the Great White which to many represents a killer beast. The documentary aims to manipulate us towards the view that sharks are gentle fish that are simply misunderstood by humans. Through the journey of David Doubilet, a famous photographer, the audience are presented with pictures, journal entries and filming of the Great White in the hope of capturing the perfect shot. One of the crew on the mission is Rodney Fox who previously had a bloody encounter with a Great White and survived. Although the majority of us would be too afraid to return to the water, Fox has chosen to partake in the mission of defending the creature. The producer uses this to his advantage by demonstrating that even someone who was attacked by a killing machine managed to love the animal and therefore we should too. The documentary uses techniques in order to create a calm ambience and make the shark seem vulnerable. They use relaxing music and bright lighting to create a sympathetic and almost angelic view of the shark. Camera shots are taken under water allowing the audience to see the scenery and true characteristics of the shark. The documentary provides close up shots to shows the sharks facial features and emotions. It also uses long shots to show the entire body and the provide insight into the sharks natural habitat. The documentary uses the feature of exposition to expose the true qualities of the shark in order to manipulate the audience. Both documentaries possess intertextualities that we are all familiar with. In general, when we see Ronald McDonald we are automatically reminded of McDonalds and their food products. In the Documentary, Spurlock shows Ronald McDonald as an evil clown rather than happy. This represents his negativity towards the restaurant. When watching ‘Great White – Deep Trouble’ our intertextualities towards sharks is that they are vicious man-eating machines like the shark off the movie ‘Jaws’. Although many facts, graphs and discourses are exposed and explained throughout these two documentaries it does not necessarily mean the producer’s opinion is correct. They simply want to manipulate and position the audience to believe what they say in order to sell their view to the public. When we hear the word,’ documentary’ our cultural beliefs tell us they are filled with true facts or recounts of events, however, we need to realise that documentaries are filled with individual discourses which aren’t essentially accurate. We as an audience need to ensure we do not fall victim to the producer’s manipulative techniques that are incorporated in the documentaries. In order to do so we need to be strong in our personal beliefs and discourses. That does not mean you should seclude all opinions from others. Be open to new ideas, but be strong in your own beliefs. That way you will not be manipulated as easily. Make your own decision and don’t let the producer sway that conclusion.

Implementation plan of ethic Essay

Understanding Business Ethics, Corporate Social Responsibility and their relationship; and examine their importance; b. Investigating different perspectives of business ethics theories; c. Understanding the roles of corporate culture and corporate leadership in business ethics; d. Understanding the concepts of ethics in the working place; e. Applying an ethical framework to business fields: Marketing, Corporate Governance, Accounting, and Finance; f. Describing business environment responsibilities. 2) Course Textbook(s)/ Resources: a) Main books: Laura Hartman and Joseph DesJardins, Business Ethics: Decision-Making for Personal Integrity and Social Responsibility, McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2nd edition, 2010. Or Laura Hartman and Joseph DesJardins, Business Ethics: Decision-Making for Personal Integrity and Social Responsibility, McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 3rd edition, 2013 b) Reference books or resources: †¢ Harvard Business Review †¢ John D. Ashcroft, Jane E. Ashcroft, 2010, Law for Business, 17th edition, Cengage Publication, ISBN 13 9780538749923 3) Implementation plan in details For class scheduled at Tuesday and Thursday ***QUIZ 3 is incidental to the class and has a focus on any of Case assigned in advance for Exercise. Topics/ Chapters/Unit Week Date Slot Number/ Session Content Category Lectures: 15/ Tutorials: 15 Student’s task before class Teacher’s Material Student’s task after class Introduction to the course and Guideline of Individual Assignment 1 Tue 7/1 1 INTRODUCTION to the course Introduce Textbook, studying method and particular for Exercises during Tutorials class. GUIDELINE: Individual Assignment. Instructor will assign one topic among below three to students (subject to be changed by Instructor) Topic 1: The factors influencing corporate culture; Topic 2: The relationship between business ethics and corporate social responsibility. Topic 3: The relationship between business ethics and employee integrity Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 1 2 CHAPTER 1: Ethics and Business Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 1 3 EXERCISE 1: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 1) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 3- Part I Thur 9/1 4 CHAPTER 3: Philosophical Ethics and Business (PART 1) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 3- Part II 5 CHAPTER 3: Philosophical Ethics and Business (PART 2) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 2 6 EXERCISE 2: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 3-part 1, part 2) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 3- Part III 2 Tue 14/1 7 CHAPTER 3: Philosophical Ethics and Business (PART 3) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 3- Part IV 8 CHAPTER 3: Philosophical Ethics and Business (PART 4) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 3 REGISTER: Topic of Individual Assignment 9 EXERCISE 3: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 3-part 3, part 4) REGISTER: Topic of Individual Assignment Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 4- Part I Thur 16/1 10 CHAPTER 4: The Corporate Culture: Impact and Implications (PART 1) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS 11 CHAPTER 4: The Corporate Culture: Impact and Implications (PART 2) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS 12 EXERCISE 4: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 4-part 1, part 2) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 5-Part I 3 Tue 21/1 13 CHAPTER 5: Corporate Social Responsibility (PART 1) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 5-Part II 14 CHAPTER 5: Corporate Social Responsibility (PART 2) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 5 15 EXERCISE 5: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 5- part 1, part 2) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 6 QUIZ 1 Thur 23/1 16 CHAPTER 6: Ethical Decision-Making: Employer Responsibilities and Employee Rights Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 6 17 EXERCISE 6: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 6) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 7 Submission of Individual Assignment Report 18 CHAPTER 7: Ethical Decision-Making: Technology and Privacy in the Workplace SUBMISSION: Individual Assignment Report Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 7 4 Tue 11/2 19 EXERCISE 7: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 7) Tutorials Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 8- Part 1 20 CHAPTER 8: Ethics and Marketing (PART 1) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 8 QUIZ 1 21 EXERCISE 8: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 8- Part 1) QUIZ 1: Chapter 1,3,4,5 Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 8- Part 2 Thur 13/2 22 CHAPTER 8: Ethics and Marketing (PART 2) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource and quiz handouts Main textbook, CMS Exercise 9 23 EXERCISE 9: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 9- Part 1) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 9 24 CHAPTER 9: Business and Environmental Sustainability Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 10 5 Tue 18/2 25 EXERCISE 10: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 9) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 10- Part 1 26 CHAPTER 10: Ethical Decision-Making: Corporate Governance, Accounting, and Finance (PART 1) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 11 27 EXERCISE 11: Applied Case based Activities (focus on Chapter 10- Part 1) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 10- Part 1 Quiz 2 Thur 20/2 28 CHAPTER 10: Ethical Decision-Making: Corporate Governance, Accounting, and Finance (PART 2) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 12 29 EXERCISE 12: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 10- Part 2) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Course review QUIZ 2 30 COURSE REVIEW QUIZ 2: Chapter 6,7,8,9 and 10 Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS FINAL EXAM 3. 2. For class scheduled at Monday, Wednesday and Friday ***QUIZ 3 is incidental to the class and has a focus on any of Case assigned in advance for Exercise. Topics/ Chapters/Unit Week Date Slot Number/ Session Content Category Lectures: 15/ Tutorials: 15 Student’s task before class Teacher’s Material Student’s task after class Introduction to the course and Guideline of Individual Assignment 1 Mon 6/1 1 INTRODUCTION to the course Introduce Textbook, studying method and particular for Exercises during Tutorials class. GUIDELINE: Individual Assignment. Instructor will assign one topic among below three to students (subject to be changed by Instructor) Topic 1: The factors influencing corporate culture; Topic 2: The relationship between business ethics and corporate social responsibility. Topic 3: The relationship between business ethics and employee integrity Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 1 2 CHAPTER 1: Ethics and Business Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 1 Wed 8/1 3 EXERCISE 1: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 1) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 3- Part I 4 CHAPTER 3: Philosophical Ethics and Business (PART 1) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 3- Part II Fri 10/1 5 CHAPTER 3: Philosophical Ethics and Business (PART 2) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 2 6 EXERCISE 2: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 3-part 1, part 2) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 3- Part III 2 Mon 13/1 7 CHAPTER 3: Philosophical Ethics and Business (PART 3) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 3- Part IV 8 CHAPTER 3: Philosophical Ethics and Business (PART 4) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 3 REGISTER: Topic of Individual Assignment Wed 15/1 9 EXERCISE 3: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 3-part 3, part 4) REGISTER: Topic of Individual Assignment Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 4- Part I 10 CHAPTER 4: The Corporate Culture: Impact and Implications (PART 1) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 4- Part II Fri 17/1 11 CHAPTER 4: The Corporate Culture: Impact and Implications (PART 2) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 4 12 EXERCISE 4: Applied skill based Debate  (focus on Chapter 4-part 1, part 2) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 5-Part I 3 Mon 20/1 13 CHAPTER 5: Corporate Social Responsibility (PART 1) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 5-Part II 14 CHAPTER 5: Corporate Social Responsibility (PART 2) Lectu re Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 5 Wed 22/1 15 EXERCISE 5: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 5- part 1, part 2) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 6 QUIZ 1 16 CHAPTER 6: Ethical Decision-Making: Employer Responsibilities and Employee Rights Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 6 3 Fri 24/1 17 EXERCISE 6: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 6) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 7 Submission of Individual Assignment Report 18 CHAPTER 7: Ethical Decision-Making: Technology and Privacy in the Workplace SUBMISSION: Individual Assignment Report Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 7 4 Mon 10/2 19 EXERCISE 7: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 7) Tutorials Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 8- Part 1 20 CHAPTER 8: Ethics and Marketing (PART 1) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 8 QUIZ 1 Wed 12/2 21 EXERCISE 8: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 8- Part 1) QUIZ 1: Chapter 1,3,4,5 Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 8- Part 2 22 CHAPTER 8: Ethics and Marketing (PART 2) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource and quiz handouts Main textbook, CMS Exercise 9 5 Fri 14/2 23 EXERCISE 9: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 9- Part 1) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 9 24 CHAPTER 9: Business and Environmental Sustainability Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 10 5 Mon 17/2 25 EXERCISE 10: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 9) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 10- Part 1 26 CHAPTER 10: Ethical Decision-Making: Corporate Governance, Accounting, and Finance (PART 1) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 11 Wed 19/2 27 EXERCISE 11: Applied Case based Activities (focus on Chapter 10- Part 1) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Chapter 10- Part 1 Quiz 2 28 CHAPTER 10: Ethical Decision-Making: Corporate Governance, Accounting, and Finance (PART 2) Lecture Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Exercise 12 Fri 21/2 29 EXERCISE 12: Applied skill based Debate (focus on Chapter 10- Part 2) Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS Course review QUIZ 2 30 COURSE REVIEW QUIZ 2: Chapter 6,7,8,9 and 10 Tutorial Main textbook Instructor Manual, Teacher’s Resource Main textbook, CMS FINAL EXAM 4) Training activities: a) Class-based activities – Lectures: 17 slots (slot=90’) -Tutorials: 13 slots (slot=90’) c) Self-study d) Consultation – Email, cms, face-to-face 5) Usage of Information Technology in/during the course a) Provide information or materials through the internet. b) Use online materials : Harvard review c) Information exchanged between lecturers and students: email, CMS d) Specific technical requirement for the subject. 6) Soft skills and personal development throughout the course a) Exercise skills: followed by skills obtained through Discussion performance. b) Team work skills: Group assignment is exercised in form of DISCUSSION 1. GROUPS FOR EXERCISE AND REQUIREMENTS OF ROLES Each exercise will be in form of a Discussion. The class divided into 08 groups (G1,G2,G3,G4,G5,G6,G7, and G8 respectively) by Instructor to hold a game of â€Å"Ethical CEOs† through 12 exercises of tutorials. Each Group will carry out 03 exercises with â€Å"Discussion† role in below fixed order. Each exercise or each Discussion will be participated by 02 groups. The non-discussion groups will give Feedback. 1. 1. Order and Role of Discussion (1 group plays as Present side and 1 group plays as Rebut side) G1-G2 (exercise 1); G3-G7(exercise 2); G4-G5(exercise 3); G6-G8(exercise 4); G1-G3(exercise 5); G2-G5(exercise 6); G4-G6(exercise 7); G7-G8(exercise 8); G1G4(exercise 9); G2-G6(exercise 10); G3-G8(exercise 11); and G5-G7(exercise 12). 1. 2. Requirements of different roles in the Discussion: Discussion activities in 40 minutes and in English: Present group plays a role of CEOS to analyze the ethical problems, present solution, defend or give a model of decision making. Rebut group plays a role against or clear down or specify or supplement the decision of Present group by making questions and statement. Non-discussion groups: 1 group will be enacted by both of Discussion groups to play as â€Å"Chair† of the Discussion. The others have to give feedback which is in a fixed form *** below after the Discussion. Anyone fails to follow control of the Chair or fail to answer any questions will be deducted at least 1% 2. CASES FOR EXERCISES: Cases will be assigned to Students by Instructor at least 01 days in advance (CMS/Email†¦ ) 3. PREPARATION PLAN BEFORE EXERCISE (taken by non-discussion groups only: A preparation plan for the Discussion will be submitted to Instructor via email or CMS depend on Instructor by 5. 30 pm the day before. Format: from 1 page only . Language: English; Margin: Left: 2 cm; Right: 1. 5cm; Upper :1. 5; Bottom: 1. 5cm; Font/ Paragraph: double-spaced with 14-point font. Personal information (Role in debate, name of teams, class, order of exercise and the topic for debate) Content: (i) Background of concerned firms in the case, (ii) Ethical issues, (iii) Analysis and (iv) Solution/ proposed module of decision. Further guidance, please refer to Course Implementation plan of Business ethics Anyone fails to submit this plan will be deducted at least 2% Evaluation of Group assignment: (Total: 30%) 1 group will be evaluated during 15 exercises (5 times of taking charge of 5 discussions, 10 times for being Chair or giving feedback in the remaining 10 exercises). Feedback, preparation plan or performance of discussion during the exercise will be taken into consideration to give score. The score will be allocated within an amount of fixed percent of each exercises mentioned below. Skill application Exercise: 30% (Exercise 1: 2. 5 % The team must assume the role of a consulting firm called in to solve that identified specific problem of ethics in the chosen organization. The problem must be related to a 3 topics mentioned in the Syllabus- Appendix 1 (subject to be changed by the Instructor if any). Instructor will decide which one works on which topic among 3. TOPIC REGISTER: All projects’ subjects must be submitted to Instructor via email or CMS depend on Instructor no later than 5. 30 pm of deadline (session 8). FINAL REPORT: must be submitted to Instructor via email or CMS depend on Instructor no later than 5. 30 pm of deadline (session 18). Format: at least 03 pages and no more than 5 pages for main Body at least depends on teacher’s request; Language: English; Margin: Left: 2 cm; Right: 1. 5cm; Upper :1. 5; Bottom: 1. 5cm; Font/ Paragraph: double-spaced with 12-point font. Structure/ content: Group content, Cover Letter, Reference, Main Body: (i) Nature and background of firm; (ii) Ethical Issues; (iii) Analysis of problems/ issues (interview with the manager is integrated) (iv) Proposed remedy/ solution; and (v) Plan for implementation. Evaluation of Individual Assignment: (Total: 15%) Lack of manager interview part will be only given up to 5% for individual assignment credit at maximum. A deduction of 5% of the total score of the assignment will be applied for each day of late submission (for both Register and Final Report) Any plagiarism more than 30% will be resulted in a failure of assignment e) Content for personal development f) Final examination (FE): 30% 1. Date: TBA 2. Total weight: 30% 3. Structure: (total: 60’) Multiple choice: 20 questions (25†²) Essay and case: 01 essay (short answer/ case) (35†²) 7) Assessment Scheme: Quizzes (3): 15% Exercises (12): 30%

Organizational Capabilities of Consulting Company

Organizational Capabilities of Consulting Company We are glad to receive your request for information. Our company works in the field of consulting for more than ten years. Over this period we have already gained trust of a large number of clients. This company specializes in the following areas: technology implementation, change management, strategy development, operational improvement, technology implementation, and employee training.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Capabilities of Consulting Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More We have already assisted several companies that underwent mergers and acquisitions. Moreover, we have already worker with those organizations which needed to prepare, guide and assess the merging of networks. If you refer to them, they will tell you that our consulting firm gives the best price-quality ratio. Executive Management This diagram presents the services our company and its structured development. It shows how various departments of our company interact with one another. This are the services which we can offer to you. Our IT consultants, HR managers and financial accounts can assist you with implementation of this project. Our team of consultants can address various aspects of your network mergers. The IT experts will determine the IT needs of the two companies. They will make sure that the two networks perform to their full capacity. Their work will be based on continuous cooperation with your managers and administrators and they will take into account the opinion of different stakeholders. Moreover, our HR consultant will help your company to develop training for the personnel. These people have in-depth experience in this area and they will do their best help you with the network design.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Our consultants will evaluate various alterna tives what your company can choose from and provide you with information about the possible costs entailed by this project. They will help you with selection of equipment and software solutions. Their assistance will allow you to minimize the costs at no expense for the quality of network design. When the merger is completed, we will conduct follow-up assessment of the network design. We know that you as our prospective client value meticulous planning, attentiveness toward customer needs, integrity, and continuous improvement. Our consultants attach great importance to each of these things and you can expect them from us. There are several things that our consulting company can offer to you. One of them is complete confidentiality; we ensure that the information provided to us by our clients is never transferred to any third-parties. Secondly, our consulting company guarantees customization of our services; we never offer generic strategies to our clients. The recommendations, prov ided by our consultants are always based on in-depth research of the situation within the company, its managerial policies, organizational structure, or financial performance. Thirdly, accountability is another thing you can expect from us. Our consultants provide regular reports about their progress. In addition to that, out consulting firm ensures that customers are directly involved into decision-making. Our consultants always inform the clients about the options available to them and explain their advantages and disadvantages. By using the services of our consulting firm, you will ensure that your best interests are strongly upheld. Reference List Alred. G. Brusaw C. Oliu W. 2006 Handbook of technical writing. London: St. Martins Press. Oppenheimer P. (2004). Top-down network design. NY: Cisco Press.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Capabilities of Consulting Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

PG Scope Case Study Essay Example

PG Scope Case Study Essay Example PG Scope Case Study Paper PG Scope Case Study Paper Scribd Upload a Document Search Documents Explore Hazie Jamaluddin / 3 Download this Document for Free Procter Gamble Inc: Scope Scope was introduced in 1967 by Procter Gamble, is a green mint tasting mouthwash,and was positions as a great tasting mouth refreshing brand that provided bad breathprotection. Scope held 32% share of the Canadian market for 1990. In 1970 Scope becamethe market leader in Canada, with many competitors, such as Listerine mouthwash that waslaunched by Warner Lambert in 1977 and it was a direct competitor to Scope, it had nearlythe same characteristics as Scope with a 12% of the market share during that time. But themajor competitor for Scope was Plax, a brand by Pfizer Inc, which was launched in Canadain 1988 on a platform quite different from the traditional mouthwashes, and gained a 10%share since launched. Plax detergents were supposed to help loosen plaque to makebrushing effective. Before the entry of Plax, brands in the mouth wash market werepositioned around two major benefits that are fresh breath and killing germs, whereas Plaxwas positioned around a new benefit as a plaque fighter and claims Plax removes up tothree times more plaque than just brushing alone. In studying the current situation and preparing for a strategic plan, Gwen Hearst reviewedthe available information and surveys for the mouthwash market and Scope showed that75% of Canadian household use 1 or more mouthwash brands. The company’s marketresearch revealed that users could be segmented to â€Å"heavy† users that comprised 40% of all users and to â€Å"medium† users that comprised 45% of all users and to light users thatcomprise 15%. The company also made a research on why consumers use mouthwash,and the results were: consumer’s basic hygiene, it gets rid of bad breath, it kills germs andmany other reasons. Also surveys were conducted of mouthwash user’s image of the major brands based on several attributes such as, reducing bad breath, killing germs, removingplaque and others. Plax achieved a strong image on removing plaques and healthier teethand gums, whereas scope scored a weaker image on those attributes. In analyzing theCanadian mouthwash market share the data showed that Scope had the highest marketshare among all brands, but there was a big difference in the share held by Scope in foodstores 42%, versus drug stores 27%. Competitive data were also collected for advertisingexpenditures, and the results were that most of the advertising expenditures were of Scope,Listerine and Plax accounting for 90% of all advertising. As for the retail prices, bothListerine and Plax had the highest prices among other brands in food stores, whereasScope, Listerine and Listermint had the highest prices in drug stores. And in comparingScope market share between Canada and USA, the results showed that Scope in Canadatakes 33% of the market share, while USA Scope’s market share was 21. 6% that came after Listerine, where Listerine held 28% of the mouth wash market share in America. After the introduction of Plax by Pfizer Inc whereby PG were loosing market share, andafter studying the current situation and making several surveys and market researches,Hearst challenge was to the 1 st problem which is to develop strategy that ensures the ontinued profitability of Scope in face of competitive threats and especially by Plax thatgained 10% share of the product category. So her specific task was to prepare a marketingplan for PG mouthwash business for the next 3 years. The 2 nd problem is how will PGmaintain their profit and make sure that the Scope brand is always the first mouthwashproduct ranking among consumers? The mouthwash market is changing everyday with theemergence of new products and prod uct features. As a result, PG wants their Scopebrand to be the first choice among consumers. In the case of product development, PDD has demonstrated that Scope reduced plaquebetter than brushing alone because of the antibacterial ingredients in it. So the (ProductDevelopment) PDD has recently developed a new pre-brushing rinse product that performedas well as Plax but didn’t work any better than Plax in removing plaque. The key benefit of this recently launched product is that it tastes better than Plax. However, PDD’s preferencewas to not launch a new product, but instead to add plaque reduction claims to Scope. Since the basic argument was that it is better to protect the business that PG was alreadyin, than to launch a completely new entry. As for the case of sales, the sales people hadnoticed that Plax sales were increasing in the market place, and believed Scope shouldrespond quickly, so they suggested that a brand must be unique and different enough fromthe competitors in order to be listed in the store shelves, or otherwise the category salesvolume would spread over more units. Market researchers suggested that Hearst look at other benefits or alternatives beyond justa â€Å"plaque reassurance on scope† or a â€Å"a better tasting pre-brushing rinse† Whereas thepoint of view from finance, on one hand Plax had a high price so a new rinse might be aprofitable option, on the other hand they were concerned about the capital and marketingcosts which would increase. The purchasing manager estimated that the cost of the newingredients of a line extension would increase by $ 2. 55 and the packaging would cost$0. 30. As for the advertising agency it favoured a line extension, since adding any new claimfor scope is a huge strategic shift for the brand that would confuse the consumer anddecrease the market share, because relating 2 different ideas is very difficult (breathrefreshment good tasting) (removes plaque). Hearst and the business team have two options, on one hand a line extension or newproduct positioned against Plax could be introduced into the market and in the other handdoing nothing and just looking at claims other than â€Å"breath† instead of adding a new product. Launching a new product â€Å"new pre-brushing rinse† would cannibalize a part of Scopesales, also the delivery, marketing and capital costs of PG will increase if a new rinse waslaunched and the user of Scope would be confused since he/she saw in the old scope abreath refreshment, taking into consideration that the new rinse is not any better than Plax in reducing plaque, but at the same time it may increase the market share of PG andincrease its profit. Whereas adding a new claim for Scope ould not increase the volumeof sales, but it could prevent current users of Scope to switch and it would stabilize thebusiness, and even though the advertising agency thinks that it’s hard to relate two differentclaims, it should try to relate them in order to make an effective advertising that includesboth â€Å"breath† and â€Å"plaque† claims. Since adding plaque reduction to breathe refreshmentand good tasting is an additional benefit that the scope consumer can be nefit from and itmay attract the potential users that scope aim at. Also PG has to collect more informationto see what the consumer needs and improve it within the same product; especially that it isbased on a philosophy of satisfying the customer needs. Scope was positioned around twobenefits that are refreshing breath and good tasting, and it should stick to this position withother additional claims or benefits if it can, so it should not launch a new product thatconfuses the customers but stick to this position that it has in the market place and that isconsidered to be its competitive advantage. It’s better to protect the business that PG isalready in for many years and just add a plaque claim, than launching a completely newentry that is not secured. Questions: 1)How will PG develop a strategy that will ensure the continued profitability of Scopedespite competition? 2) Should PG take risk of introducing the completely new product for 3 years plan? Discuss the advantage and risk involved. 3)

Career Development Plan Part Iv - Compensation

Now that we have structured our new team, identified their roles, identified ways to manage their performance and created an appraisal system we are now proposing a new compensation plan. This part will outline the plan, describe how it will help motivate employee performance, describe our total rewards program and outline how this program will benefit the individual and InterClean. Account Executive Financial Compensation Plan Compensation structures can be broken down into two distinct categories, financial and non-financial (Cascio, 2006). This section overviews the financial compensation plan for account executives, which includes pay and benefits. Account executive pay will be primarily commission based. Each account executive will receive a base salary at minimum wage, with the rest of their salary coming from commission. We feel that a generous commission structure will motivate performance because pay will have a direct correlation with sales volume. We structured our proposed commission plan to reflect InterClean new strategic direction (University of Phoenix, 2007), and how employees are rated in their quarterly appraisal. This means a focus on retention, up-selling and volume. Account executives will receive 8% commission on sales for the first six-months of revenue. 10% commission on sales after six-months of continuous revenue. 13% commission on sales after one-year of continuous revenue. 13% commission on up-sells and account executives that meet their quarterly sales volume will also receive a bonus equaling 3% of total revenue earned. New Business Account Executive, The New Business Account Executive has different goals, and therefore a different pay scale will apply. He or she will receive a base salary of $30,000 per year, plus a 3% quarterly commission on revenues earned from the accounts he or she acquired. We feel that this structure will adequately reflect the difference between new account acquisition and account retention. Cumulatively, the maximum amount of commission paid on revenues to account executives would be 19%. In related to the benefits Account Executives will receive the standard benefits due to all InterClean employees, including; †¢ Health Insurance with employee share of cost †¢ 401k match 14 days paid vacation †¢ 6 days sick time †¢ Health, Financial, Stress and Motivational Counseling through our employee wellness program. Managerial Financial Compensation Plan The managerial financial compensation plan will focus on overall team performance. We feel that creating a plan that rewards managers for team performance helps ensure management’s focus on creating a strong team that meets financial objec tives. Managers will receive a base salary dependent on their pay grade, ranging from $50,000 annual for the solution expert and $65,000 annually for the sales manager. The rest of their salary will be based on team performance as 3% commission on total revenues per quarter of all account executives that have met his or her goal, and 2% on total revenues per quarter if all account executives meet their goals. We feel that paying based on meeting objectives, and sharing in total revenues accomplishes two important things such as rewards managers who ensure account executives meet their goals by providing the tools and support they need. And it encourages over-achieving by not setting a limit on revenue sharing. In terms of the benefits, managerial employees share in the aforementioned benefits, and are given one additional week of paid vacation (five days) per year. As mentioned, compensation does not only include financial compensation; there are certain non-financial rewards that motivate employee performance, increase loyalty and decrease turnover. The following non-financial rewards were chosen based on a survey conducted in the United Kingdom (Employee Benefits, 2006) as additional â€Å"perks† for employees. Sales Employees, All sales employees are eligible the following reward package flexible working arrangements. Employees can work at home when appropriate on dates arranged between them and their manager. Flexible work time is the top-rated non-financial reward in the UK survey (Employee Benefits, 2006) and offering such an arrangement can increase productivity by diminishing stress caused by work-life conflicts. And corporate gym membership also ranked high on the survey, and using our corporate pull to offer a free membership not only encourages wellness, but exercise has countless benefits such as stress relief, increased creativity, and energy. Also, we will include employee discount at restaurants. Using the promise of higher volume by internally promoting local restaurants to our employees, HR has arranged for employee discounts at local restaurants. This benefit decreases the costs of lunch for our employees and gives them another reason to value InterClean. Managerial Rewards, The following rewards are available to managers in addition to the preceding rewards available to all employees such as use of company vehicle: Surprisingly, the UK survey listed â€Å"sports car as company vehicle† as the number one â€Å"benefit they don’t receive but wish they had† (Employee Benefits, 2006, para4. . Company gas card, not only should our sales manager ride in prestige, but we understand that the majority of driving they do benefits our company, so they also have use of our company gas card. The compensation and rewards system outlined in this plan are geared to motivate performance by tying pay directly to the revenue gained for InterClean. Our new strategy of fo cusing on solution-based selling (University of Phoenix, 2007) means we must grow retention, up selling, and total volume. This plan rewards all three by reducing the base pay of account executives, increasing commission and tiering commission based on retention and up selling. We reward achievers and not low-performers. Tying managerial pay directly to the performance of the team rewards good managers (Vigoda-Gadot Angert, 2007. ) Finally, offering a substantial but not overly high base pay takes into account fluctuating economic and environmental constraints. Offering bonuses quarterly rather than annual avoids penalizing employees for one bad quarter, which can happen to even the best sales person. Finally, our reward system is built to make InterClean a great place to work, that values the employees well-being and offers perks as part of the job. Offering this reward system can help InterClean retain the best possible account executives and managers (Cascio, 2006). Because we offer competitive pay and creative rewards that ease the work-life conundrum, and add a certain level of prestige to those who work for InterClean.

How does hierarchy within animation and manga production influence the Essay

How does hierarchy within animation and manga production influence the contents and stories of manga and anime - Essay Example During that time, the word manga was used to describe drawings. The present form of manga originated from America during the times of comic trips in the beginning of the 20th century (Schodt 1996: 22). Japan saw a big difference and impact of the American culture with amusing books and films being brought to entertain the occupation forces. After the World War II, new artist in the animation are sprouted in japan. These artists changed the manga rebranded it to new style to help television animation in Japan. Tekeza –artists- initially influenced by the Disney animations created a popular manga that was appealing to all ages. They created a broad variety of work from children to adult stories with moral heroes and peep plots. Among the Tezuka’s famous jobs of the time are Jungle Empire and Astro Boy. As the spirit of evolution of animation continued to rock Japan, a quality animation by Japanese animator Hayao Miyazaki took over the market scene of animation. The film S pirited Away won her an Oscar due to the quality art work and the controversy of the female heroes in a society which is male dominated. Japanese animation (anime) and the comics (manga) have increasingly become popular in many countries. This is because the Japanese animation and comics have a different style to the other styles. The anime and the manga cover for all the categories of animation and contain genres that range from child to adult. The words animation, animator and animated are all derived from a Latin word ‘’animare† which means to give life to a nonliving thing. In the contest of video film, the word commonly refers to the act of artificial formation of impression of movement in animated forms and lines. Therefore, in definition the word means the practice of making an impression of movement which has been indirectly recorded in the convectional photographic sense from a film made by hand. However, it ought to be noted that this

An overview of Argentina`s Economy and the State of its Economic Research Paper

An overview of Argentina`s Economy and the State of its Economic Progress - Research Paper Example ?s interim President, Adolfo Rodriguez Saa, announced a default on foreign debt of the government, which was the largest in the country’s economic history. Adolfo stepped down just a few days after assuming office. In early 2002, Adolfo’s successor, Eduardo Duhalde put to an end the pegging of the peso to the United States dollar. During that year (2002), Argentina’s economy declined with real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at 18 percent smaller than GDP in 1998. Approximately 60 percent of Argentines fell below poverty line in the same year. However, Argentina’s real GDP bounced back and achieved annual growth rate of 8.5 percent from 2003 to 2008. This rebound was attributed to increased industrial capacity and literate workforce. The growth in real GDP was also as a result of Argentina’s debt restructuring and reduction, implementation of expansionary monetary and fiscal policies and favorable global financial conditions. Argentina’s Growth and Productivity from 1961-2006 Period GDP % TFP 1961-1970 1971-1980 1981-1990 1991-2000 2001-2006 4.4 2.6 -0.8 4.1 4.1 1.2 -0.1 -1.3 1.4 1.0 1961-2006 2.7 0.4 Source: MECON and Coremberg et al. (2007). In early 2007, Argentina faced increased rate of inflation. The government led by President Nestor KIRCHNER, responded to the inflation by imposing taxes on exports as well as export restraints. There were also price restraints on businesses across the country. However, in late 2007 when Cristina Fernandez De Kirchner succeeded her husband as the president of Argentina, the swift economic growth that had been experienced in the last six years began to stall. In 2008, the government of Argentina held back its exports before the 2008 recession hit global economies. In 2010 he country’s economy bounced back from economic... This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the economy of Argentina in the last decades and estimates the progress of the country’s economy over the years. Argentina has an interesting economic history and is one of the most researches about countries owing to the fact that it had attained advanced development status by the beginning of the 20th century, but its economic growth retarded afterwards. The country’s high rate of economic growth has been discontinuous following serious economic recessions, especially during the twentieth century. Argentina is amongst the countries endowed with rich natural resources. The country has very high literacy level. The agricultural sector is export-oriented with the nation’s industrial sector highly diversified. Because of intermittent economic crises, unrelenting deficits in its fiscal and current accounts, high and ever growing external debts as well as capital flight, especially during the twentieth century, Argentina slipped from its advanced economic status The economic recession of December 2001 is considered the worst recession in Argentina’s history. On December 2001, Argentina’s interim President, Adolfo Rodriguez Saa, announced a default on foreign debt of the government, which was the largest in the country’s economic history. After the wrath of the 2009 global economic downturn, the economy of Argentina has not been very stable. In 2012, the country’s economy experienced a sharp slowdown. However, the economy showed some signs of recovery at the beginning of 2013.

MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MANAGEMENT - Essay Example Students are multi-dimensional and understand all facets of what the program entails. Additionally, this programs offers interactive learning. One of the best methods for learning is interactive learning that is reached via collaboration. Conducive research shows that interactive learning is one of the best methods to engage students in a simulative learning. As a matter of fact, this new type of learning of application has allowed students to truly be more engaging. It breaks away from the traditional scope of learning in a conventional classroom that extends beyond writing boring notes, engaging in useless writing drills and discussion. The interactive learning has harnessed learning because it allows students to engage in a learning environment. For instance, the application has a feature of an ACT test flashcards. If the student gets a question wrong, the APP will prompt the student to justify why they picked that certain answer. A weakness in the program is that Miami Dade College does not have a vast network of corporations that seek the potential candidates out of universities. This can be problematic because students, who may not have the adequate resources to seek other resources to find One of the major opportunities is the program is the fact that online program can be embedded to attract longer distance students. Technology and media has drastically facilitated this cause. One of the greatest benefits of E-learning that it provides dynamic technology it provides to learning. Undoubtedly, E-learning has been the pinnacle and focal point of learning. Conventional school learning relies on endless drills, homework and lecture notes. Online or virtual learning also has been gained a lot of the importance due to the technological revolution. Some teachers in many times complain that the steady use of technology is hampering the real growth of the students with many side effects. In my paper will tries to discuss the cause

What Postmodernism Is Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What Postmodernism Is - Essay Example The essay "What Postmodernism Is" concerns postmodernism era. Postmodernism intends to establish that it is not in the power of human beings to change the world for their own benefits. Humans do not possess an unlimited potential to understand the world. Modernists were of the view that it is possible to understand reality with complete certainty by way of observation and reasoning. Modernism ended abruptly when philosophers began to question the ability to understand truth objectively. The postmodernist is suspicious of such realities. They do not have any concrete reason to defy such objective facts. It is only suspicion and virtue of hypocrisy that keeps them from believing in them. Some objective realities are simply inescapable. There cannot be a world in which there is no objective truth. For example, hurting kids under every circumstance is completely wrong. There cannot be any possible world in which such a practice could be considered acceptable. If this objective reality is denied and it is assumed that reality cannot be understood objectively, then it is hypocritical. I think that there are many realities which are perfectly understood by everyone. This is because truth can be described objectively which suggests that truth is completely attainable. A world where truth is not attainable would be a picture of complete chaos. This is why postmodernism is hypocritical. If there is no absolute truth as postmodernists suggest, then everyone would be free to violate moral principles/

The Importance of Knowledge Managment to Organisations in 21st Century Essay

The Importance of Knowledge Managment to Organisations in 21st Century - Essay Example Today’s work force is heavily involved in work like sales, education, health care, banks, insurance firms, and law firms. They also provide business services such as coping, computer programming, or making deliveries. These jobs primarily entail working with, distributing, or creating new knowledge and information. In such knowledge and information oriented economies the market value of the firms is based largely on the value of intangible assets for instance proprietary knowledge, information, unique business methods, brands and other intellectual capital. In the current business scenario physical assets like building, machinery, tools and inventory account for just 20 percent of the market value of many public firms (Beijerse, 1999). Knowledge and information in today’s era provide the foundation to companies to come up with or produce new products and services. Such product innovations include the credit card, overnight package delivery, or world-wide reservation sys tems. Even certain products can be classified as knowledge and information intensive products, such products include computer games, requiring a great deal of knowledge to produce. Traditional products also are making use of knowledge for instance in the automobile industry both design phase and production phase rely heavily on knowledge and information technology (Sparrow, 2001). These changes which have been described above along with considerable amount of corporate restructuring have lead to the creation of a digital firm. A digital firm is one in which all of the organisation’s significant business relationships are digitally enables. In this kind of digitally enable business model an organisation is connected to its customers, suppliers and employees by means of digital networks. Core business activities are carried out through these networks spreading across the organisation and linking multiple organisations in a way that these networks create a value web (Valkokari a nd Helander, 2007). These digital firms are quick and nimble in sensing and responding to their environment. This capability is the fundamental difference between a digital firm and a traditional firm. This capability enhances the survival chances of a digital firm in turbulent times. Digital firms can be grown in to global organisations having global management practices in them. By restructuring their work to fit digital means of operating, a digital firm has raised its chances to achieve unprecedented levels of profitability and competitiveness. A digital firm makes use of internet and digital technology to integrate its key business processes with its channel partners. In this way vital information can be shared with important constituents of the business in a seamless way. In order to reap the potential benefits of becoming a digital firm, organisations are investing heavily on information technology, which enable them to integrate internal business processes and build close wo rking ties with channel partners (Wong, 2005). Since knowledge is the key word over here for an organisation therefore it is important to highlight the distinction between data, information, knowledge and wisdom. Data is the flow of event or transactions captured by an organisation’

MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MANAGEMENT - Essay Example Students are multi-dimensional and understand all facets of what the program entails. Additionally, this programs offers interactive learning. One of the best methods for learning is interactive learning that is reached via collaboration. Conducive research shows that interactive learning is one of the best methods to engage students in a simulative learning. As a matter of fact, this new type of learning of application has allowed students to truly be more engaging. It breaks away from the traditional scope of learning in a conventional classroom that extends beyond writing boring notes, engaging in useless writing drills and discussion. The interactive learning has harnessed learning because it allows students to engage in a learning environment. For instance, the application has a feature of an ACT test flashcards. If the student gets a question wrong, the APP will prompt the student to justify why they picked that certain answer. A weakness in the program is that Miami Dade College does not have a vast network of corporations that seek the potential candidates out of universities. This can be problematic because students, who may not have the adequate resources to seek other resources to find One of the major opportunities is the program is the fact that online program can be embedded to attract longer distance students. Technology and media has drastically facilitated this cause. One of the greatest benefits of E-learning that it provides dynamic technology it provides to learning. Undoubtedly, E-learning has been the pinnacle and focal point of learning. Conventional school learning relies on endless drills, homework and lecture notes. Online or virtual learning also has been gained a lot of the importance due to the technological revolution. Some teachers in many times complain that the steady use of technology is hampering the real growth of the students with many side effects. In my paper will tries to discuss the cause

The Importance of Knowledge Managment to Organisations in 21st Century Essay

The Importance of Knowledge Managment to Organisations in 21st Century - Essay Example Today’s work force is heavily involved in work like sales, education, health care, banks, insurance firms, and law firms. They also provide business services such as coping, computer programming, or making deliveries. These jobs primarily entail working with, distributing, or creating new knowledge and information. In such knowledge and information oriented economies the market value of the firms is based largely on the value of intangible assets for instance proprietary knowledge, information, unique business methods, brands and other intellectual capital. In the current business scenario physical assets like building, machinery, tools and inventory account for just 20 percent of the market value of many public firms (Beijerse, 1999). Knowledge and information in today’s era provide the foundation to companies to come up with or produce new products and services. Such product innovations include the credit card, overnight package delivery, or world-wide reservation sys tems. Even certain products can be classified as knowledge and information intensive products, such products include computer games, requiring a great deal of knowledge to produce. Traditional products also are making use of knowledge for instance in the automobile industry both design phase and production phase rely heavily on knowledge and information technology (Sparrow, 2001). These changes which have been described above along with considerable amount of corporate restructuring have lead to the creation of a digital firm. A digital firm is one in which all of the organisation’s significant business relationships are digitally enables. In this kind of digitally enable business model an organisation is connected to its customers, suppliers and employees by means of digital networks. Core business activities are carried out through these networks spreading across the organisation and linking multiple organisations in a way that these networks create a value web (Valkokari a nd Helander, 2007). These digital firms are quick and nimble in sensing and responding to their environment. This capability is the fundamental difference between a digital firm and a traditional firm. This capability enhances the survival chances of a digital firm in turbulent times. Digital firms can be grown in to global organisations having global management practices in them. By restructuring their work to fit digital means of operating, a digital firm has raised its chances to achieve unprecedented levels of profitability and competitiveness. A digital firm makes use of internet and digital technology to integrate its key business processes with its channel partners. In this way vital information can be shared with important constituents of the business in a seamless way. In order to reap the potential benefits of becoming a digital firm, organisations are investing heavily on information technology, which enable them to integrate internal business processes and build close wo rking ties with channel partners (Wong, 2005). Since knowledge is the key word over here for an organisation therefore it is important to highlight the distinction between data, information, knowledge and wisdom. Data is the flow of event or transactions captured by an organisation’

Football helmet Essay Example for Free

Football helmet Essay The average tackle football player has a natural tendency to experience fear and tension when thinking about the heavy rate of concussion injuries within the sport. In response to the violently physical nature of the game, Riddell Sports has produced a helmet that provides the best defense to worries and consequences of a concussion. The Riddell Revolution 360 football helmet has been constructed by engineers to protect the mental processes and safety of players. As a football player myself, I can think of no better alternative for head trauma prevention than this helmet. Riddell takes into account and states that players sustain roughly 950 impacts to the head over the course of a season. As a result of this, the helmet places a strong emphasis on protection of the most impacted part of the head, the front. Patented in 2012, HIT technology was established by Riddell in their experiment labs to measure the severity and location of head impacts from all directions. This technology proves that detrimental impact to the brain can go unnoticed or misunderstood, and use it to prevent future mental problems for players. This product changes the way participants feel comfortable and confident on the playing field more than ever before. The technology that is added includes a new carbon steel facemask that flexes in reaction to impact. Also added to the helmet was a new face frame structure which is made up of continuous hexagonal shaped padding on the interior that shapes to players heads for a custom and tight fit. This is important for reducing the amount of force to the head, which will allow the sport to be more commonly tolerated by everyone interested. With the rise of cognitive damage in football due to head trauma, parents are more hesitant than ever to allow their children play the game at a young age. However, parents can be assured that the expanded technology in the Riddell 360 will protect their children like never before. Customers will instantly feel the difference in protection when they place the helmet on for the first time! Although this product is revolutionary to the sport, there is a steep cost necessary to consider before purchasing it. The helmet itself has a retail value of $450 which could scare some customers away. This price does not appeal to high school or university student athletes who typically are looking for the best deal possible. However, the helmet is vastly popular amongst professional players and university athletic departments who have the income to buy the product at ease. The helmet also has plenty of cheaper competitors that provide more financially reasonable selections. Although the other products may be cheaper, the helmet Riddell has designed contains technology and protection that no other competitors can match. The helmet is a symbol of how far technology has advanced in sports to accommodate the needs of its participants. Football is notorious for its wide spectrum of physical limitations to those interested in playing, but innovation within the labs at Riddell have allowed for these barriers to slowly come crashing down over the years. The Riddell Revolution 360 football helmet should be strongly considered by all those striving to play the game of football in its safest possible fashion.

Public Praise and Its Impact on Purchasing Decisions

Public Praise and Its Impact on Purchasing Decisions Public Praise on Blogs: An investigation into its impact on brand advertising and customers purchasing decision-making in Chinese business market The Aims AND Objectives The proposed research is expected to produce an insight into the role performed by public praise and its impact on purchasing decisions. Web blogging is a new-marketing approach emerged only ten years (Dyrud, Worley and Quible, 2005). It enables business executives and traders to create and develop their own brand advertising and pose an impact on how purchasing decisions are made. The previous studies on the influence of the public praise are mostly concentrated on personally verbal exchanges (Wright, 2006, p. 46), but the current research will focus on the public praise by blogs and their influence in Chinese customers. The overall aims of the investigation are to demonstrate how the reliability and underlying impacts of public praise on blogs intervene in the brand advertising and purchasing decision-making of Chinese customers. The research objectives are listed as follows. Assess the influence of public praise through blogs in Chinese business market; Infer how public praise on blogs can be further improved in China; Explore what extent Chinese customers trust these blogs; Discuss the degree to which public praise effects Chinese consumers purchasing decision-making; Examine the degree of public praise that influences brand advertising in China (focusing on two groups of people: having a preference or not for specific brands). Peoples opinions on blogs will be collected to help learn how brand advertising and the purchasing decision-making are influenced by the power of public praise, so that I can acquire sufficient data for review. The outcomes of this proposed research will also aim to provide facts on Chinese public praise on blogs. The Context Of The Proposed Research Since people have written down their thoughts and share them through spoken communication, the public praises have emerged. They are depicted as a ‘view-spread from peoples mouths or ‘word-of-mouth (Christiansen and Tax, 2000, p. 185). Public praise is a strong traditional item in Chinese culture and plays a very important part in Chinese consuming notions. Nowadays, it is recognized as a powerful marketing instrument to support the sales of both tangible and intangible commodities to customers. When marching into the knowledge era, public praise is drawing more attention by people than traditional methods of distributing information. Many printed formats have been transformed to electronic forms published on the websites and blogs (Keng and Ting, 2008). The universal application of Internet is growing rapidly. With a pointer and click button, people can convey and receive information. In fact, it offers an opportunity for prospective customers to gain relevant information about their potential purchasing from various sources: through individual communication with different people who used to be strange but had knowledge of the corresponding articles. This proposed research will specifically discuss the functions of blogging as a platform for marketing and purchasing in China. A Preliminary Literature Review The Development Of Blogs In Marketing Before the emergence of Internet, people were seeking information about a particular purchase either in person or in words to their familiar people. It is the traditionally face-to-face marketing. The development of the Internet means that web communications have become attainable and presented a convenient way for information exchange. A potential buyer has only to input the brand or product name to online search engines. Then, diverse forms of online information providers like websites, blog or forum will give him/her the relevant information. Recently, consumers are becoming progressively aware of the articles displayed on blogs. Bloggers prefer to share their experiences in blogs. Accordingly, these blogs become the information exchange media of consumers. This sort of media gradually develops a tendency for consumers to seek information about new products or brands through blogs. According to the recent results of Neilsons research (2007), about 80% of global consumers allege that they are ready to accept and trust the suggestions of other people for commodities and services. In addition, around 90% of individual future buyers in China depend on recommendations from other buyers. Although blogs have developed into an advanced tool for merchandising, it is still not a corporate domain investigated by many investigators (Bokaie, 2008, p. 17). This research aims to fill this gap. The information exchange online is composed of various actions, such as uploading, downloading, balloting and participating. For businessmen, whether it is beneficial to invest in online advertising via blogs becomes a serious issue for consideration (p. 17). Nevertheless, there is no existing research on this matter to answer their inquiries. With this in mind, the proposed research attempts to reveal the factors that can have impacts on brand advertising and purchasing decision-making. Purchasing Decision-Making The decision-making in purchase links to consumers determination of buying. It is also related to their response after receiving the advice of marketing (Chang and Wildt, 1994). Customers decision-making in purchasing is highly correlated to their perceptions of charge and benefit in commodities (HÃ ¤ubl and Trifts, 2000, p. 6). Hence, it should be more accurately regarded as an aspiration rather than a taste. It has also searched for recognising why knowledge of different products and brands substantially impacts a buyers decision-making. The existing literature makes evident that public praise has a visible impact on consumer-purchasing behaviour (Christiansen and Tax, 2000). Customer satisfaction is widely recognized to be a crucial effect for a consumers future decision-making. Satisfied consumers will share their positive experiences with others and provide praise for advertising. By contrast, discontented customers incline to change their decisions and engage in negative feedbacks on advertising. From the above phenomena, it can be seen that public praise is an effective manner allowing consumers to reduce the time and perceived risks for decision because it can provide the detailed information about products or services. Thus clearly, public praise is a means of avoiding risks when purchasing and also a method of obtaining favourable or adverse knowledge on commodities, so that customers can make a valuable buying decision. Hypotheses Based on the aims and preliminary literature review, I deem the following hypotheses are my research focus. H1: Trust of public praise in blogs can pose a positive impact on brand advertising and purchasing decision-making. H2: The influence of public praise in blogs will have a positive impact on brand advertising and purchasing decision-making. H3: For brand supporters, trust of public praise on blogs can create a favourable impact on brand advertising and purchasing decision-making. H4: For brand supporters, the impacts of public praise on blogs will be beneficial in brand advertising and purchasing decision-making. Methodology And Sources Of Data Methodology Considerations Two research approaches will be used in this study. The first is a deductive approach, which is a well-established method for analysing the existing theories to describe certain phenomena (Gallaire, Minker and Nicolas, 1984, p. 153). It can also predict whether theories are expected to develop and allow the possibility of their altering in the future. The second is an inductive approach, which aims to establish a theoretical framework based on the empirical study (Thomas, 2003). This method can be used in conjunction with the deductive approach. The leading concern of this proposed study is the impact of public praise blogs on brand advertising and purchasing decision-making in the Chinese market. Consequently, it should concentrate mainly on understanding customers dispositions and gaining insight into customer behaviors linked to public praise. A deductive approach will be adopted for analysing the consequences of the statistical reviews. The data and any possible future tendencies for public praise blogs will be tested simultaneously based on the relevant theories. I attempt to design a concise questionnaire for Chinese blog writers and also their readers to complete, so that I am able to evaluate how public praise is spread by blogs and how it influences the consumers perceptions of brands and their purchasing decisions when they are considering what to buy. Additionally, this research intends to clarify the relationship between public praise, brand advertising and the customers purchasing decision-making. This research studies will take trust and influence as independent variables. Two dependent variables are brand advertising and purchasing decision-making. Brand supporters and non-brand supporters are the main focus groups in this research. The conceptual framework related to these variables will be presented in a model form. Apart from this, interpretive research will allow me to investigate and illustrate the relationships between variables, especially the cause-and-effect one. What is more, employing the survey strategy for the collection of data is appropriate here for hypothesis testing, and it is more useful in a quantitative context – the nature of the proposed study. There are three formats of question outline which can be applied in this survey. The first is nominal in nature. The replies to these questions are only ‘yes/ no or ‘true/false, which are predictable and very friendly in statistical analysis. The second requires respondents to use a five-point scale with the extreme ones matching strongly agree or strongly disagree. The third form is multiple options. All respondents are expected to sort out no more than three choices. Sampling Considerations Sampling design commences by defining the target population (Emory, 1980). This is a collection of elements or objects that hold the data searched by the investigators and with respect to which conclusions are to be drawn (Korn and Graubard, 1991). A non-probability sampling method will be adopted for this research because I have many suspicions about the practicality of the approach of employing a mixed interview group. Particularly, convenience sampling will be considered in this study and the surveys will be retrieved online by around 200 Chinese consumers (both blog writers and readers) who were selected randomly. The sample selection is ended when the sample size for pilot study has been obtained. Although this technique of sampling is widely used, it is likely to introduce bias and its influences can be beyond control. However, for a wide-ranging questionnaire survey, it is the simplest sampling strategy to collect reliable data. Data Collection In order to guarantee the reliability, validity and integrity of this study and avoid possible difficulties, the survey will be piloted on a group of ten Chinese blog users (5 males and 5 females), aged from 20 to 35. They will evaluate the validity and clarity of the entire framework and the inquiries of the survey. The question outline will be set in the three types I mentioned in the section of Methodology considerations, which can allow the respondents to reply following the instructions and regulations as principals without the probability of being an unstable or unpredictable response. This research concentrates on blog users in China and the review procedures are according to the application of a questionnaire offering a sample of the target population. The survey is employed to infer the relationship between public praise, brand advertising and the customers purchasing decision-making. It is possible to collect the associated facts by either empirical or library-based studies. With regard to this proposed research, the survey asks respondents several sets of questions to explore their opinions about Chinese bloggers and their subscribers. The survey will be retrieved using an online survey website and people from all walks of life will be encouraged to fill it out and forward the survey information to their acquaintances. The convenience of arranging an Internet group to complete the questionnaire is the greatest benefit of carrying out a question-based investigation online. Furthermore, the speed of response is relatively fast and the research expenditure is rel atively low because I do not need to encounter printing, paper or stamp costs. The questionnaire will be separated into four sections. Section one refers to individual data linked to the websites and blogs. The aim of the queries in this part is to conclude the respondents using habits related to the websites and blogs and to comprehend the principal incentive of web users both as blog subscribers and bloggers. Section two is to determine how public praise in blogs affects brand advertising and purchasing decision-making by concentrating on responsibility, strength, disposition and effect correlated to public praise in blogs. Section three deals, particularly, with how the consumers shared knowledge with other people by means of blogs influences their purchasing decision-making. Section four further collects the individual information. Secondary data are also applicable to giving contextual knowledge and academic support relevant to the empirical inquiry, the questions adopted and hypothesis formulation. In addition, it is normally the situation that documentary data has been summarised intentionally other than their applications in prompt research. There has also been a study of any existing documents linking to public praise, blogs, brand advertising and purchasing decision-making. Therefore, this research has comprised the use of periodicals, archives and online articles. All these resources will be explored and analysed. Even so, the enquiry of documents can certainly not be sufficient to support the proposed study. For this reason, it has been indispensable to collect primary data for this research. Data Analysis The data sets collected from questionnaires will be processed by statistical analysis. Statistics is a group of approaches and theories that can be employed to quantitative data when making judgements in the aspect of doubtfulness. Quantitative analysis methods help to compose plain charts or figures that indicate the frequency of event via setting up statistical associations between variables and complicated statistical models (Bernard, 1996, p. 24). Quantitative analysis enables the figures collected from the survey to be transcribed into diagrams and graphs, which gives the figures comprehensibility and makes it easier to grasp. The proposed study will use quantitative analysis and display results from the survey through statistical analysis with investigating the connection between the variables. Employing this means, it is likely to examine the association between public praise, brand advertising and customers purchasing decision-making, and display the results in unsophisticate d diagrams. When I finish gathering all the required information through online questionnaires, the unprocessed data will be coded into variable divisions using statistical analysis. The validity and accuracy of the data need to be confirmed before the hypothesis testing. In this situation, it may be essential to think about the correctness or faulty of hypotheses because they can be refused based on the testing results. The research will use the software SPSS to verify the research hypotheses. SPSS is usually applied by those scholars or investigators who involved in the social sciences, such as the fields of policy and educational research. The proposed project will be used to analyze the outcomes and identify factors that have been influenced by variables, so that the validity of the hypothesis can be proved. This research will first use descriptive statistics to analyze personal information, including all sorts of reliable variables. Subsequently, regression and one-way ANOVA analysis may be adopted to verify the four hypotheses. Research Limitations The research sample is initially randomly selected from my acquaintances in China, which may comprise the first inadequacy. Moreover, that the samples are all from the 20-35 identical age group also introduces some bias. It is rational to deduce that such a confined age group may have related experiences and attitudes linked to the matters scrutinized in this research. In this case, it is likely to affect the research outcomes and overall quality. The number of participants involved in the proposed research is also likely to be too small to show the sample representativeness. Furthermore, because the entire empirical stage will be processed online, it may be unattainable for me to have any in human liaison with the participants. As a result, it may be unlikely to examine whether the personal information is in detail or not. The participants will give their replies on the web survey. When they read it online, they may change some of their answers intentionally. Ethical Considerations The proposed research will follow the ethical guidelines of business studies based on the ‘code of ethics for author in Journal of International Business Studies (JIBS) (2007). I will contact with my friends and acquaintances to obtain their permissions to complete my web survey. Also, the researcher stance should be considered. I need to be an outsider of their questionnaire completion. What is more, the guidelines suggest some items in relation to protection of individual privacy, such as informed consent, the right to withdraw, protecting the anonymity, participant reviews of data and so forth. Although the targeted blog users will be encouraged to engage in the study, it should be clear that they are not forced to fill in the online questionnaire and they may thus choose withdraw their answers. When I post my questionnaire survey online, I will write a general introduction about my background and interests to the respondents. Then, inform them in written form about my purpo se of the survey and my general intentions regarding the research. I will also welcome their questions left on my research blog, and answer them honestly. In order to protect the respondents anonymity, aliases will be used for all involved blog writers and readers as soon as the data are transcribed. Anticipated Outcomes The anticipated outcomes are expected to effectively test all the listed hypotheses and achieve the aims of the proposed research. As I mentioned before, although public praise as distributed by the Cyberspace has come to be a prevailing marketing instrument, it has not been considerably scrutinized yet. The main results of this proposed research will try to clarify the relationship between public praise, brand advertising and purchasing decision-making. The outcomes will be capable of implying fresh thoughts to firms when they intend to engage in public praise spreading in order to improve the positive effect of their brands and encourage purchasing in consumers. Bibliography Bernard, H. (1996), Qualitative Data, Quantitative Analysis. Cultural Anthropology Methods Journal, 8 (1), 23-26. Bokaie, J. (2008), Corporations get Personal: A growing number of company chiefs are bypassing copywriters to speak direct to consumers. Marketing, pp. 17. Chang, T.-Z. and Wildt, A. (1994), Price, Product Information, and Purchase Intention: An empirical study. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 22 (1), 16-27. Christiansen, T. and Tax, S. (2000), The Questions of Who and When to Measure the Word of Mouth. marketing communications, 6, 185-199. Dyrud, M., Worley, R. and Quible, Z. (2005), Blogs: A Natural in Business Communication Courses. Business Communication Quarterly, 68, 73-76. Emory, W. (1980), Business Research Methods. Irwin: Homewood. Gallaire, H., Minker, J. and Nicolas, J.-M. (1984), Logic and Databases: A Deductive Approach. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) 16 (2), 153-185. HÃ ¤ubl, G. and Trifts, V. (2000), Consumer Decision Making in Online Shopping Environments: The Effects of Interactive Decision Aids. Marketing Science, 19 (1), 4-21. JIBS. (2007), Code of Ethics. [Online]. Available at: http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jibs/jibs_ethics_code.html. Last accessed 07/09/2009. Keng, C.-J. and Ting, H.-Y. (2008), The Acceptance of Blogs:Using a Customer Experiential Value Perspective (pp. 1-13). Taipei. Korn, E. and Graubard, B. (1991), Epidemiologic studies utilizing surveys: accounting for the sampling design. American Journal of Public Health, 81 (9), 1166-1173. Neilson, B. (2007), Consumer-Generated Media in the Age of the Web-Fortified Consumer. [Online]. Available at: http://www.nielsenbuzzmetrics.com/whitepapers. Last accessed 06/09/2009. Thomas, D. (2003), A General Inductive Approach for Qualitative Data Analysis: University of Auckland. Wright, J. (2006), Blog Marketing: The revolutionary new way to increase sales, build your brand, and get exceptional results. New York: McGraw-Hill.